Grain drying methods by fuel type: Ensuring quality harvests

PepUp fuels local agriculture. We know a lot of farmers who grow high-quality grain crops in this high-humidity environment. From planting to harvest and grain drying, local producers use fuels from PepUp to power farming operations.

Grains like corn, wheat, and soybeans are often harvested when their moisture levels are higher than desired. For safe storage, it is recommended that grains should be dried to a moisture content of 13-15%. If they are stored without drying, high moisture content inside the grain can lead to:

• Mold Growth: Excess moisture creates a perfect environment for mold, which can ruin entire batches of grain.
• Pest Infestation: Grains at higher moisture levels attract pests looking for a meal, leading to potential contamination.
• Reduced Market Value: Buyers typically prefer low-moisture grain, and grain prices reflect that. Higher moisture may result in lower prices or a batch of grain not meeting sale requirements at all.

Given the importance of grain quality, effective drying is paramount for Delmarva farmers. This is where PepUp helps our wholesale customers in the farming community keep their crops profitable.

Grain drying can be accomplished through various methods using propane, heating oil, and kerosene. In the Delmarva region, propane is the most widely used fuel for grain drying.
Essentially, every grain drying setup follows the same basic process:

1. Setup: Farmers load their grains into a drying bin. The bin is equipped with a burner that uses propane as the fuel source.
2. Heating: The burner ignites fuel to produce hot air, which is funneled across the grains.
3. Moisture Removal: As the hot, dry air flows across the grain, it raises the temperature and draws out moisture, allowing for effective drying.

Farmers choose different fuels based on the equipment they use and their individual harvest needs. Let’s consider the top three fuels local farmers use to dry grains, and why they choose one fuel over another.

Propane is the most popular fuel choice for grain dryers in our area due to its efficiency and clean-burning nature, which helps reduce the cost of grain drying.

One of the key advantages of propane is its availability in the region, thanks to the extensive network of storage facilities PepUp maintains and our ability to deliver large quantities of propane to local farmers quickly and reliably.

Here are the top reasons why propane grain drying technology is used by 8 out of 10 farmers in our region:

• Efficiency: Propane packs quite a punch with its high energy content. It burns hotter and more evenly than other fuels, making it perfect for drying grain uniformly—something that’s important for a quality yield.
• Reliability: Propane grain drying systems offer reliability, even in remote setups. They’re highly portable, allowing farmers to take them to areas where other types of dryers can’t be fueled. This makes them perfect for rural farms.
• Cost: Because propane is so efficient, it speeds up drying times and uses less energy. This means you can save quite a bit on fuel in the long run compared to using other energy sources.
• Low-Emissions: Propane is a cleaner option than many other fuels. It releases fewer pollutants than diesel and gasoline. It’s not a greenhouse gas, so it has a lower impact on the environment. In a lot of places, it’s even less carbon-intensive than the electricity from the grid. That makes propane a nice, clean alternative for your grain drying needs, and as a bonus, it doesn’t leave the grain with an odor or taste.

The Propane Education and Research Council reports that propane grain drying systems are 50 percent more efficient than older types of systems. Use this calculator to determine how much propane you would need to dry a specific grain harvest to exactly the right moisture content.

Heating oil is another viable option for grain drying. Here’s why farmers might use heating oil to dry their grain crops:

• Efficiency: Heating oil is known for its high energy output, which helps generate a strong, consistent heat. This steady heat is key for drying grain uniformly, ensuring that every kernel is up to standard and ready for market.
• Equipment Durability: Equipment that runs on heating oil tends to be tough and long-lasting. These systems are built to withstand rough conditions, which makes them a reliable choice season after season, and even generation after generation.
• Cost Control: While fuel prices can fluctuate, pricing for heating oil remains relatively consistent over long periods of time, with less seasonal fluctuation.

Using heating oil can be advantageous in terms of cost-effectiveness, especially if farmers purchase in bulk or pre-buy contracts when heating oil prices are at their lowest. Farmers should consider their specific harvesting schedules, equipment efficiency, and storage capacity and requirements when choosing this method.

Kerosene, while less common than propane and heating oil, is still used by some farmers in the Delmarva region. Here’s why:

• Efficiency: Kerosene offers a reliable heat source, delivering consistent energy output that helps achieve even grain drying. This uniform heating is crucial for maintaining the quality of your harvest. It’s also exceptionally stable in cold weather, which gives it an edge over heating oil for farmers who need to pre-buy and store fuel throughout the year.
• Flexibility: Like propane, kerosene is a portable fuel, making it perfect for farms located in areas without easy access to a farm’s large fuel storage tanks. This flexibility means you can take the drying operation to the field instead of transporting the grain to the dryer.
• Dependability: Kerosene equipment is built to last, often with simple designs that require minimal maintenance. This makes it a dependable option for family farms to use for many years, and it’s easy to repair when needed.

While kerosene can be effective, it is important to ensure proper ventilation to avoid any buildup of fumes. Grain quality and marketability may suffer if excess hydrocarbons affect the grain’s natural smell or taste.

Farmers in the high-humidity Delmarva coastal region reduce grain moisture content through drying methods that deliver top-quality results, work with their equipment, and provide some cost-saving efficiency. PepUp delivers the fuel that helps farmers protect their investments and ensure their grains fetch the best price, without risk of spoilage and infestation.

Discover more ways local businesses rely on agricultural fuel delivery from PepUp to fuel growth, innovation, and profitability. Chances are, if you have a business that needs heat – for people, livestock, food, and even grain drying – PepUp has you covered!